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Prolog

From EDM2
Gottlob Frege (1848 ~ 1925)
Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege invented predicate logic on which Prolog is based

Declarative logic programming language developed in France in the latter half of the 1960s and early 1970s, name is a shortening of "PROgrammation en LOGique" or "Programming in Logic". Unique syntax gives the impression that it is difficult to learn but in actuality it is not more of an effort to learn it any of the classic languages, but programmers used to procedural languages sometimes difficulty getting their heads around the different programming paradigms Prolog has to offer than rank beginner do.

Derivatives of Prolog include primarily constraint logic programming languages such as Prolog IV and ECLiPSE but also hybrids such as the strongly typed Mercury and Visual Prolog and even more alien systems such as Erlang.

History

Alain Colmerauer is the co-inventor of Prolog and the man behind the development of Prolog II, II+, III & IV

Invented in Marseilles, France in 1972 by Alain Colmerauer and Philippe Rousse, the system is a descendant of a natural language machine translation system called Q-systems that Colmerauer started developing in 1968, but prior and parallel to that he alongside Rousse and others connected to the birth of Prolog such as Jean Trudel and Robert Pasero had participated in the "Traduction Automatique de l’Université de Montréal" project in Canada. Initially implemented on an IBM System/360 using Wirth's ALGOL W and PL/360.

Implementations

OS/2

Commercial:

Open Source:

Prolog libraries

DOS

Open Source

Commercial

Freeware

  • PD Prolog (A.D.A. PD Prolog)

Win-OS/2

  • ALS Prolog - former commercial/now open source
  • Amzi! Logic Explorer - Freeware
  • Amzi! Prolog+Logic Server - Commercial
  • Arity Prolog - Commercial
  • IF/Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued - Contraint ver.
  • LPA Prolog - Commercial - Versions up to 4.1 run with Win32s
  • Prolog IV - Commercial
  • Visual Prolog - Commercial

Java

Commercial:

Open Source:

Utilities
  • Prolog4J - Allows Java programs to use native Prolog engines - Open Source

JavaScript

Publications

  • J.A. Campbell: Implementations of Prolog - Halsted Press 1984, ISBN 0-85312-675-5
  • Feliks Kluźniak; Stanisław Szpakowicz: Prolog for Programmers - Academic Press 1987, ISBN 0-12-416521-4 [1]
  • Leon Sterling; Ehud Shapiro: The Art of Prolog - MIT Press 1994, ISBN 0-262-19338-8
  • Michael Spivey: An Introduction to Logic Programming through Prolog - Prentice-Hall 1996, ISBN 0-13-536047-1
  • Patrice Boizumault: The Implementation of Prolog- Translated by Ara M. Djamboulian and Jamal Fattouh - 1993/2014, ISBN 0-691-60939-X
  • Fernando C. N. Pereira; Stuart M. Shieber: Prolog and Natural-Language Analysis
  • Michael A. Covington; Donald Nute; André Vellino: Prolog Programming in Depth (Second edition) - Prentice-Hall 1997, ISBN 0-13-138645-X
Papers

Links

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