Prolog

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Gottlob Frege (1848 ~ 1925)
Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege invented predicate logic on which Prolog is based

Declarative logic programming language developed in France in the latter half of the 1960's and early 70, name is a shortening of "PROgrammation en LOGique" or "Programming in Logic". Unique syntax gives the impression that it is difficult to learn but in actuality it is not more of an effort to learn it any of the classic languages, but programmers used to procedural languages sometimes difficulty getting their heads around the different programming paradigms Prolog has to offer than rank beginner do.

Derivatives of Prolog include primarily constraint logic programming languages such as Prolog IV and ECLiPSE but also hybrids such as the strongly typed Mercury and Visual Prolog and even more alien systems such as Erlang.

History

Invented in Marseilles, France in 1972 by Alain Colmerauer and Philippe Rousse, the system is a descendant of a natural language machine translation system called Q-systems that Colmerauer started developing in 1968, but prior and parallel to that he alongside Rousse and others connected to the birth of Prolog such as Jean Trudel and Robert Pasero had participated in the "Traduction Automatique de l’Université de Montréal" project in Canada. Initially implemented on an IBM System/360 using Wirth's ALGOL W and PL/360.

OS/2 implementations

Prolog libraries

  • The Prolog Commons - Not all library functions are germane to OS/2 - Open source - Current

Foreign libraries with Prolog bindings

  • Cairo - 2D graphics library - Open source - Current

Text & programmers editors with Prolog support

  • jEdit - Java based editor - Prolog syntax highlighting built in - Current

DOS Implementations

Alain Colmerauer is the co-inventor of Prolog and the man behind the development of Prolog II, II+, III & IV
  • ALS Prolog - Was Commercial/now open source - Discontinued
  • Amzi! Prolog+Logic Server - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Aquarius Prolog - Open/Closed source - Discontinued
  • Arity Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Az-Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Beta-Prolog - Open Source - Discontinued
  • BinProlog - Open source commercial software - Discontinued
  • Boizumault Prolog - Open Source - Discontinued
  • ESL Prolog-2 - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Cogent Prolog Compiler - Commercial
  • cu-Prolog - Open Source - Discontinued
  • IF/Prolog - Commercial
  • LPA Prolog - Commercial - Current
  • LPA micro-PROLOG - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Logicware MPROLOG - Commercial - Discontinued
  • MR Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • PDC Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Prolog II - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Prolog III - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Chalcedony Prolog V/Prolog V-Plus - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Prolog-86+- Commercial - Discontinued
  • PD Prolog (A.D.A. PD Prolog) - Freeware - Discontinued
  • Quintus Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • SICStus Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • SNI Prolog - Commercial
  • Stony Brook Prolog - Aka SB-Prolog - Open source - Discontinued
  • Turbo Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • VML Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued

Win-OS/2 Implementations

  • ALS Prolog - former commercial/now open source - Discontinued
  • Amzi! Logic Explorer - Freeware - Discontinued
  • Amzi! Prolog+Logic Server - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Arity Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued
  • IF/Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued - Contraint ver.
  • LPA Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued - Versions up to 4.1 run with Win32s
  • Prolog IV - Commercial - Discontinued
  • Visual Prolog - Commercial - Discontinued

Java Implementations

  • CKI-Prolog - Old but works on Java 1.x on vintage hardware - Open Source - Discontinued
  • DGKS Prolog - Discontinued
  • GNU Prolog for Java - Open Source - Current
  • JavaLog - Old but works on Java 1.x on vintage hardware - Open Source - Discontinued
  • Jekejeke Prolog - Commercial - Current.
  • Jinni Prolog - Open Source - Discontinued
  • JIProlog - Commercial - Current.
  • jLog - Open Source - Current.
  • jTrolog - Open Source - Current.
  • Kernel Prolog - Subset - Open Source - Discontinued
  • Mandarax - Prolog variant, not fully compatible - Open Source - Current
  • Prolog Café - Interpreter and translator - Open Source - Discontinued
  • Prova - Prolog variant, not fully compatible - Open Source - Current
  • Styla - Requires Scala - Open Source - Current
  • tuProlog - Open Source - Current
  • W-Prolog - Open Source - Discontinued

Utilities

  • Prolog4J -Allows java programs to use native Prolog engines - Open Source - Discontinued

Implementations in JavaScript

Publications

Introductionary material

Papers

Links